MILITARY INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN THE USA AND RUSSIA:
CONSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS OF FUNCTIONING

Bistrova Irina Vladimirovna, Candidate of historical sciences, senior staff sciences, Institute of Russian History under the Russian Academy of Science, irin-bystrova1@yandex.ru

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The military-industrial complex has become a phenomenon of global history in conditions of the Cold War. The processes of the MIC development coincided in time in the United States and in the Soviet Union and MIC variants had much in common. common (the leading role of the first person in the state – Commander-in-Chief, including control over nuclear weapons, composition of the main groups of the military-industrial complex, secrecy). Among some clear differences were comparative levels of development of military and civilian sectors of national economies, forms of ownership, forms of political leadership over defense industry, the role of different groups of military-industrial complexes in decision-making on the national security issues. In "classical" American model there was no big difference in the level of development of military and civilian sectors; there was clear distinction between civilian and military powers (Ministry of defense was the organ of civilian control over the military).In Soviet case the military were also subject of control from the part of political leadership - Communist party.

defense industry, the Armed Forces, civil control, the Cold War, military reform.